Category: Literature

  • “The Devil Still Wears Prada”: Aging, AI, and the Fear of Becoming Obsolete in The Devil Wears Prada 2 (2026)

    Dr. Mary Mba

    Sunday, May 10, 2026

    Photo credit: Dr. Mary Mba at the Blackstone Valley 14: Cinema de Lux Movie Theatre in Millbury, Massachusetts on Sunday, May 10, 2026. Photo taken by son, Uche Mba.

    Twenty years after the release of The Devil Wears Prada (2006), the long-awaited sequel arrives not merely as nostalgic fan service, but as an unexpectedly poignant meditation on aging, labor, relevance, and technological displacement in the age of artificial intelligence. If the original film captured the postfeminist tensions of the early 2000s – career ambition versus personal authenticity, beauty versus intellect, femininity versus feminism –The Devil Wears Prada 2 captures something far more existential: the terror of becoming replaceable.

    And perhaps that is why this sequel feels so timely.

    The brilliance of the 2006 film lay in its ability to package systemic exploitation in couture glamour. Miranda Priestly was terrifying because she embodied an older model of power: perfectionism, hierarchy, exclusivity, gatekeeping, and ruthless standards. She was the dragon at the top of the fashion tower, and young women like Andrea “Andy” Sachs entered Runway believing survival required surrendering pieces of themselves.

    But in The Devil Wears Prada 2, Miranda is no longer the unquestioned center of gravity.

    Meryl Streep’s Miranda remains sharp, commanding, impeccably dressed, and emotionally glacial, yet the film subtly reveals that the world around her has changed. She is still feared, but no longer untouchable. The death of Runway owner Irv Ravitz and the subsequent impending sale of the company to younger corporate interests destabilize the old order. Suddenly, Miranda herself becomes vulnerable to the same disposability that once threatened everyone beneath her.

    This shift is one of the film’s most compelling thematic reversals.

    The original film asked: What must women sacrifice to succeed?

    The sequel asks: What happens when success itself becomes obsolete?

    One of the film’s most devastating moments occurs early, when Andy Sachs and her colleagues are fired by text message during an awards ceremony honoring her journalistic accomplishments. It is an almost cruelly modern scene – impersonal, algorithmic, efficient. There is no dramatic confrontation, no performance review, no human conversation. Just a notification.

    The scene perfectly encapsulates the emotional economy of contemporary labor: workers are celebrated publicly while being discarded privately.

    In many ways, the true antagonist of the sequel is not Miranda Priestly at all. It is automation. It is corporate streamlining. It is the ideology that experience, artistry, editing, mentorship, curation, criticism, and human judgment can all be replaced by predictive systems and AI-generated efficiency.

    This is where the film becomes especially relevant for those of us in the arts, humanities, education, and creative industries.

    The original Devil Wears Prada explored fashion as cultural labor. The sequel expands that conversation into intellectual and creative labor more broadly. Journalists, editors, writers, photographers, assistants, stylists, and longtime employees all exist under the looming threat of technological redundancy. The fear permeating Runway is not simply losing status – it is losing purpose.

    Andy’s role in the sequel becomes particularly significant because she ultimately weaponizes the very things that corporations underestimate: writing itself and human connection.

    Her journalism, voice, phone calls, interviews, and storytelling become instruments of resistance. Through her work, she helps expose the human cost of replacing experienced workers with automated systems, ultimately helping secure jobs and preserve institutional memory. The film thus makes a surprisingly forceful argument for the enduring necessity of human creativity.

    This is perhaps the sequel’s greatest achievement: it refuses technological fatalism.

    Rather than presenting AI as inherently evil, the film critiques the corporate obsession with efficiency at the expense of humanity. The question is not whether technology should exist, but whether industries still value the people whose labor built them.

    Visually, the film is stunning.

    The cinematography is richer, softer, and more emotionally textured than the sleek polish of the original. The photography lingers on aging faces, empty offices, reflective surfaces, and transitional spaces. There is an awareness of time everywhere in the film. Even the fashion reflects this thematic maturity: elegance replaces trendiness; texture replaces spectacle.

    The camera no longer worships youth in the same way the original did.

    Instead, it studies endurance.

    This visual maturity mirrors the emotional maturity of the returning cast. Anne Hathaway’s Andy carries herself with earned confidence rather than anxious ambition. Emily Blunt’s Emily appears sharpened rather than softened by age. Stanley Tucci’s Nigel continues to embody the emotional intelligence the Runway world desperately lacks. And Meryl Streep delivers perhaps the most fascinating version of Miranda yet: a woman confronting the possibility that she may become irrelevant in the very empire she helped build.

    Importantly, the sequel also revisits postfeminism through a contemporary lens.

    The 2006 film emerged during an era that often framed feminism as individual empowerment through consumerism, career success, and self-transformation. Women were encouraged to “have it all,” even as workplace structures remained deeply exploitative.

    But the 2026 sequel is more skeptical.

    It understands burnout.
    It understands precarity.
    It understands generational exhaustion.

    The younger employees are not simply chasing prestige anymore; they are trying to survive instability. Older employees are not merely protecting power; they are trying to preserve dignity in industries increasingly hostile to aging workers.

    The result is a film far more melancholy than its predecessor.

    Yet it is also more humane.

    If the original film ended with Andy rejecting Miranda’s world, the sequel suggests that the real challenge is not escaping the system but humanizing it before it devours everyone.

    Ultimately, The Devil Wears Prada 2 succeeds because it understands that fashion was never really the point. The runway has always been a metaphor – first for gendered ambition, and now for obsolescence in a rapidly digitizing world.

    Twenty years later, the devil still wears Prada.

    But this time, she is also afraid. 

    What ultimately elevates The Devil Wears Prada 2 beyond a simple nostalgia sequel is its insistence that human connection still matters in an increasingly mechanized world.

    One of the film’s most memorable sequences takes place in Milan during a major Runway event where Lady Gaga performs. The scene is visually spectacular, but its emotional significance lies elsewhere. Earlier in the film, budget cuts had eliminated funding for music and entertainment. The event risked becoming sterile and emotionally flat, another casualty of corporate cost cutting and efficiency culture.

    Miranda, however, calls in Lady Gaga as a personal favor.

    The moment quietly demonstrates one of the film’s central arguments: relationships still matter. Influence is not merely institutional. It is personal. In a world increasingly governed by algorithms, automation, and financial optimization, the film reminds viewers that human networks, loyalty, favors, mentorship, friendship, and emotional bonds still hold tremendous power.

    Without that connection, the event would have collapsed emotionally.

    The symbolism is difficult to ignore. Technology can organize logistics, calculate metrics, and optimize branding, but it cannot manufacture genuine loyalty, artistry, intimacy, or trust. The Milan sequence therefore becomes more than spectacle. It becomes a defense of humanity itself.

    Another deeply fascinating moment occurs during the discussion surrounding Leonardo da Vinci’s The Last Supper. Miranda reflects on Da Vinci’s portrayal of Christ without a halo, interpreting it as an attempt to emphasize Jesus’ humanity rather than idealized divinity. According to Miranda, Da Vinci understood that betrayal is part of the human condition. We are all capable of betraying and being betrayed.

    This interpretation becomes one of the film’s central philosophical threads.

    Betrayal haunted the original Devil Wears Prada. Miranda betrayed Nigel professionally. Andy betrayed aspects of herself and her relationships in pursuit of success. Workplace ambition repeatedly collided with personal loyalty.

    But the sequel revisits betrayal from a more mature perspective. Here, betrayal is not simply villainy. It is tied to fear, survival, insecurity, aging, and institutional instability. People betray others to protect themselves from becoming irrelevant.

    Yet the film refuses cynicism.

    Instead, it repeatedly contrasts betrayal with loyalty, love, and respect.

    Nigel emerges as one of the film’s emotional anchors. His loyalty to Miranda remains astonishing despite years of being overlooked and undervalued. Yet his loyalty is not portrayed as weakness. It is portrayed as emotional integrity. Even more importantly, Nigel also demonstrates loyalty to Andy, recommending her for opportunities after she loses her job. In many ways, Nigel embodies the emotional intelligence and generosity missing from the corporate machinery surrounding him.

    One of the film’s most moving developments occurs when Andy helps Miranda recognize how much she has taken Nigel for granted. Miranda’s eventual decision to allow Nigel to give the speech in her place becomes symbolically powerful because it represents something Miranda rarely offers freely: recognition.

    For perhaps the first time, she visibly acknowledges someone else’s contribution without centering herself.

    That moment may seem small, but emotionally it is enormous.

    The sequel is filled with these quieter gestures of care and loyalty. Andy’s friend, Lily (Tracie Thoms), the art curator, also becomes an important figure in this emotional ecosystem. In a film filled with corporate uncertainty and professional anxiety, her friendship offers stability, honesty, and grounded support. Unlike the transactional relationships dominating the fashion world, this friendship feels genuine and restorative.

    Andy herself also evolves significantly in the sequel. Unlike the younger Andy of 2006, who oscillated between admiration and resentment toward Miranda, the older Andy demonstrates a more mature understanding of complexity. She does not idolize Miranda, but neither does she reduce her to a monster. Instead, she approaches her with empathy, respect, and even love.

    That emotional maturity changes the entire texture of the film.

    The original movie was about entering adulthood through ambition and disillusionment. The sequel is about surviving adulthood without losing one’s humanity.

    Ultimately, The Devil Wears Prada 2 argues that institutions survive not because of branding, technology, or efficiency alone, but because people continue choosing one another. Loyalty matters. Mentorship matters. Gratitude matters. Love matters.

    And perhaps that is why the film feels surprisingly emotional.

    Beneath the couture, Milan runways, celebrity performances, and corporate drama lies a deeply human story about aging, relevance, forgiveness, and the desperate need to still matter to one another in an increasingly impersonal world. 

    One of the most fascinating dimensions of The Devil Wears Prada 2 is the way the film reimagines female relationships. The original 2006 film often framed women as competitors navigating scarcity within elite professional spaces. Ambition frequently came at the expense of intimacy, trust, friendship, and solidarity. Women admired one another, envied one another, betrayed one another, and occasionally protected one another, but the emotional ecosystem remained tense and deeply hierarchical.

    The sequel, however, evolves into something far more collaborative and emotionally generous.

    Beneath all the glamour, corporate politics, and technological anxiety lies a striking narrative about women banding together to save one another in a world increasingly governed by impersonal systems, profit motives, and institutional instability.

    This may be one of the film’s most radical interventions.

    Lily’s loyalty to Andy remains one of the emotional constants of the story. Unlike the original film, where friendships were strained under the pressures of ambition and lifestyle transformation, the sequel portrays female friendship with greater maturity and emotional patience. Lily does not disappear when Andy struggles professionally. She remains present, supportive, grounded, and emotionally available throughout the chaos.

    That matters.

    In a film deeply concerned with disposability, Lily’s consistency becomes a form of resistance.

    Andy herself becomes one of the film’s central protectors. Perhaps the most significant example of this occurs in her relationship with Miranda. The younger Andy of 2006 oscillated between fascination and moral disillusionment. The older Andy understands complexity differently. She recognizes Miranda’s flaws, coldness, pride, and emotional distance, yet she also sees her humanity, vulnerability, brilliance, and fear.

    In many ways, Andy ultimately saves Miranda.

    Not merely professionally, but existentially.

    Miranda stands on the brink of losing Runway, the institution that has defined her identity for decades. The film repeatedly suggests that aging women in positions of authority are often tolerated only as long as they remain profitable and culturally relevant. Once corporate leadership begins discussing restructuring, modernization, and AI integration, Miranda suddenly finds herself threatened by the very machinery she once mastered.

    Andy intervenes not out of opportunism, but out of loyalty, respect, and love.

    That emotional evolution between the two women is one of the sequel’s greatest strengths.

    The film also handles Emily Charlton with surprising nuance. Emily still carries resentment toward Miranda for effectively pushing her toward Dior years earlier. Her desire for revenge manifests through her relationship with Benji and her wish for him to acquire Runway partly out of spite. Yet even amid that bitterness, the film refuses to reduce Emily to caricature.

    Importantly, Andy refuses cruelty.

    After Benji breaks up with Emily, Andi responds not with superiority or judgment, but with compassion. The moment quietly reinforces one of the film’s central ethical arguments: women do not need to destroy one another to survive.

    This thematic commitment culminates beautifully in the character of Sasha, portrayed by Lucy Liu.

    Sasha becomes one of the film’s most important figures precisely because she embodies both independence and strategic generosity. For two years, she has remained elusive and inaccessible, refusing interviews and public engagement. Yet she ultimately grants Miranda and Andy the interview that helps restore credibility and momentum to Runway during a moment of instability.

    But Sasha’s second intervention is even more significant.

    She ultimately purchases Runway and allows Miranda to continue leading it.

    This decision completely alters the emotional logic of the film. Rather than allowing corporate restructuring, male financial interests, technological reductionism, or generational hostility to dismantle the institution, another woman steps in and preserves it.

    That choice matters symbolically.

    Runway survives not because a corporation saves it, but because women choose to save one another.

    Even Lady Gaga’s Milan performance participates in this larger thematic framework. Her appearance is not contractual spectacle. It is relational. She comes because Miranda calls upon a personal connection. Once again, the film emphasizes that loyalty, admiration, history, and emotional reciprocity still possess transformative power in a world obsessed with efficiency.

    The same is true of Jin, Andy’s assistant, played by Helen J. Shen. While many younger employees in films about generational transition are written as detached, opportunistic, or technologically alienated, Jin becomes indispensable. Her stealth recording of the restructuring meeting orchestrated by Jay after Irv’s death becomes one of the pivotal acts of resistance in the film.

    Importantly, the younger woman is not the destroyer of the older generation here.

    She becomes its protector.

    That detail fundamentally reshapes the film’s generational politics.

    The women in The Devil Wears Prada 2 do not survive because they are flawless. They survive because they eventually learn to choose solidarity over ego, loyalty over resentment, and protection over competition.

    In this sense, the sequel quietly critiques one of the underlying myths of postfeminist culture: the idea that women must endlessly compete for limited space at the table.

    Instead, the film imagines something far more hopeful.

    What if women expanded the table together?

    Before I conclude, I must acknowledge something deeply personal about this experience. This screening of The Devil Wears Prada 2 was my Mother’s Day gift from my children. Over the years, this has quietly become one of the most meaningful traditions in our family.

    My children know how deeply I love film, not only as entertainment, but as text, pedagogy, cultural critique, and human conversation. They understand that for me, movies are never just movies. They are opportunities to think, teach, question, write, connect, and create. Over the years, The Devil Wears Prada, 2006, was one of the movies I taught repeatedly in my Women In Film classes. Once this sequel came out, they knew that I had to watch it.

    Last year, they gifted me a screening of Sinners, which eventually inspired me to write a detailed review and develop teaching materials around the film. In 2018, they gifted me Black Panther, a film that became so intellectually and culturally significant to me that I later published a book chapter inspired by it, “The Black Panther, Bridging the Gaps That Separate Us?” while also developing teaching materials that I used for many years in my classes and workshops that I titled: “Black Panther: Africa in A Nutshell.”

    And now, this year, they gifted me The Devil Wears Prada 2.

    As I sat watching the film, I realized that this tradition says something profound about motherhood itself. My children have paid attention to who I am. They recognize not only my sacrifices as their mother, but also my passions, my intellectual curiosities, and the things that make me come alive. There is something incredibly moving about being seen so fully by one’s children.

    For that, I am profoundly grateful.

    To my daughter and my sons, thank you for continuing to nurture the teacher, writer, critic, and dreamer in me. Thank you for understanding that one of the ways I experience love is through stories, cinema, ideas, and the classroom. And thank you for making Mother’s Day not simply about gifts, but about connection, thoughtfulness, and shared intellectual joy.

    Perhaps that is also why The Devil Wears Prada 2 resonated with me so deeply. Beneath all its glamour and corporate drama, it is ultimately a film about relationships, loyalty, memory, and recognizing the people who make our lives meaningful.

    As a mother, I could not ask for a more beautiful gift than that recognition from my children.

  • Bloodlines and Blues: Cultural Consumption and Black Resistance in “Sinners” (2025)

    Mary Mba (Ph.D.)

    This Mother’s Day (2025), my children gifted me an experience I didn’t know I needed: a theater viewing of Sinners (2025), the new genre-defying film directed by Ryan Coogler and starring Michael B. Jordan. It was, in many ways, a spiritual experience. For a few hours, I was not just a mother being celebrated – I was also a daughter remembering, a Black woman reflecting, and a scholar stirred to critical inquiry. My children have formed this ritual of sending me to the theatre to relax and watch movies that just came out, and as usual, this year’s did not disappoint.

    Coogler’s Sinners is not simply a movie. It is a conjuring. A remembering. A ritual of reckoning. And I left the theater knowing I would be writing more about it – not just here on my blog, but in academic journals and cultural essays to come.

    Synopsis: Vampires in the Juke Joint

    Set in 1932 Clarksdale, Mississippi, Sinners follows twin brothers Elijah “Smoke” and Elias “Stack” Moore (both portrayed by Michael B. Jordan), World War I veterans returning home from Chicago to open a juke joint. Joined by their nephew Sammie – a gifted guitarist whose strict preacher father condemns the blues – they hope to build a sanctuary for Black expression, healing, and joy.

    But their haven becomes a battleground. A pale, cold force has come to town: Remmick (Jack O’Connell), an Irish-immigrant vampire who leads a coven of undead musicians. They are drawn not just to blood but to Black vitality – joy, sound, and soul. The struggle to preserve the juke joint becomes a metaphysical war for cultural survival, where music is both weapon and shield, memory and prophecy.

    Major Themes: Blues, Blood, and the Black Soul

    1. Racial Oppression and Cultural Appropriation

    Remmick and his vampire coven represent the centuries-long siphoning of Black culture – by those who consume its art, labor, and rhythm while erasing its originators. The vampires don’t just feed – they curate, repurpose, and dominate.

    2. Spirituality and Resistance

    Far from caricature, African spiritual practices – rootwork, ancestor veneration, sacred drumming – become tools of protection. The film reveres these practices as legitimate, powerful alternatives to Western Christian binaries.

    3. Music as Liberation and Memory

    Blues is not a soundtrack – it is theology. It holds grief and joy together. In Sinners, music raises the dead, opens portals to ancestral wisdom, and confronts the forces of death with the rhythms of life.

    4. Family, Legacy, and Duality

    The Moore twins personify two sides of the Black survival coin: Smoke’s guarded stoicism and Stack’s open-hearted joy. Sammie’s journey reflects the burden of breaking generational expectations to reclaim ancestral power.

    Unspoken Shadows: Subtext and Secondary Themes

    The Model Minority and Complicity

    An Asian couple who own two convenience stores and quietly treat injured Black victims without alerting authorities are framed as “helpful,” but their neutrality masks complicity. Their silence fosters unchecked Black-on-Black violence and reflects the model minority myth: proximity to whiteness and economic benefit, but without disrupting racial hierarchies. They profit from pain and patch up wounds – but never challenge the systems that cause them.

    Eroticism, Whiteness, and Destruction

    One of the twins’ involvement with Mary, a white-passing woman with a one-eighth Black blood, ends in both literal and symbolic death. She is the first to be vampirized – and she turns her Black lover. The tragedy recalls a long lineage of Black male downfall linked to white femininity, not as judgment but as historical commentary. Their intimacy – beautiful and doomed – exposes the dangers of uncritical desire under the white gaze.

    This is not just a personal fall; it is a political echo. Coogler revisits a painful archetype and complicates it, forcing us to ask: What is the cost of loving whiteness when whiteness refuses to love you back?

    Character Analysis: The Living, the Lost, and the Lurking

    Smoke Moore

    Haunted by war and trauma, Smoke is skeptical of both God and man. A World War I veteran, he bears his scars internally and outwardly. His silence is not weakness – it’s a defense mechanism against a world that has rarely made room for Black vulnerability. Yet his loyalty and fierce protectiveness ground the narrative. He is the bruised backbone of the family – guarding the juke joint like sacred ground and embodying a form of masculinity forged in survival, not dominance.

    Stack Moore

    A dreamer, dancer, and emotional heartbeat of the film. Stack believes in the transformative power of joy, music, and community. His expressive nature contrasts Smoke’s reserve, but his refusal to shrink from beauty is its own form of resistance. His downfall – linked to both love and naivete – feels Shakespearean. Yet his arc is also a celebration of art as defiance. His joy is his rebellion, and his memory lingers in every note that follows.

    Sammie

    Caught between a fire-and-brimstone upbringing and the siren call of the blues, Sammie embodies spiritual hybridity. His father’s condemnation of music as “devilish” clashes with Sammie’s intuitive sense that rhythm is healing. His guitar becomes both confessional and altar. His journey is one of self-reclamation, and by the end, Sammie is not just a musician – he is a griot, carrying forward ancestral memory through melody.

    Remmick

    An Irish-immigrant vampire and plantation-era parasite cloaked in elegance. Remmick doesn’t just want to feed – he wants to curate, control, and become what he consumes. His villainy is systemic, not individual. In every smooth smile and calculated charm, he mirrors whiteness’ historical ability to absorb Black genius while remaining untouched by Black pain. He is the colonizer dressed in couture.

    Mary (Stack’s White-passing ex-girlfriend/Lover)

    Mary’s presence is small but devastating. Her relationship with Stack is initially tender, but her transformation into a vampire – and her role in turning Stack – invokes the tragic trope of interracial desire leading to ruin. Her character functions not merely as a symbol of the “forbidden,” but of whiteness-as-desire: beautiful, dangerous, and ultimately, consuming. She does not survive the transformation; neither does the man she loves.

    Annie (Hoodoo Priestess and Spiritual Guardian)

    Annie, portrayed by Wunmi Mosaku, is a powerful Hoodoo priestess and the spiritual heart of the community. Deeply rooted in ancestral wisdom and protective ritual, she embodies a sacred feminine presence that holds space for both personal grief and collective survival. Her history with Smoke – marked by shared loss – adds emotional depth to the film’s themes of memory and mourning.

    Annie’s presence is not limited to ritual scenes; she appears as both a guide and a warning in moments when the juke joint’s sanctity is threatened. Through her rootwork, incantations, and connection to the spirit world, Annie becomes the ancestral channel through which protection flows. She is a reminder that in times of crisis, survival does not rely solely on strength, but on memory, tradition, and sacred knowing.

    Annie doesn’t simply represent spirituality – she enacts it. She is legacy and labor, both mythic and real, reminding us that not all warriors carry weapons. Some carry knowledge. Some carry fire.

    Pastor Elijah (Sammie’s Father)

    A towering figure of moral rigidity. His condemnation of the blues as “the Devil’s music” reflects internalized colonial Christianity. He is not a villain, but a product of spiritual warfare – a man who chose respectability and repression over rhythm and resistance. Yet, there are cracks in his stoicism. His silence after Sammie’s first performance suggests a man wrestling with his own forgotten voice.

    The Asian Shopkeeper CoupleGrace and Bo Chow

    A deeply complicated presence. They treat Black victims of violence without involving the authorities – a gesture of pragmatic care or silent complicity, depending on your read. They profit from the community but do not participate in it. Their quiet neutrality in the face of anti-Black violence exposes the myth of cross-racial solidarity under capitalism, raising questions about the “model minority” role and what it means to be adjacent to, but untouched by, Black suffering.

    Six Theoretical Lenses for Sinners (2025): Reading Horror Through Black, Decolonial, and Feminist Thought

    As a genre-defying Southern Gothic horror film, Sinners is brimming with symbolic and thematic layers. To unpack its richness, I turn to six theoretical frameworks that illuminate the film’s deeper currents – each revealing how horror can be a vessel for truth, trauma, memory, and resistance.

    1. Afropessimism & Afro-Optimism

    Key Scholars: Frank B. Wilderson III, Jared Sexton

    What It Is:
    Afropessimism contends that anti-Blackness is not just a social condition, but an ontological one – Black suffering forms the structural core of Western civilization. Meanwhile, Afro-Optimism insists on survival, joy, and cultural creativity as acts of rebellion and renewal.

    Application in Sinners:
    Vampirism in the film is a near-perfect metaphor for the parasitic relationship between whiteness and Black cultural production. The vampires feed not only on blood, but on soul, rhythm, memory. Blackness becomes a consumable aesthetic – desired, devoured, but never fully humanized. And yet, Sinners doesn’t stop at despair. It insists on the spiritual and creative power of the Black community – through music, ritual, and resistance – as a force that cannot be fully colonized.

    This tension – between what is taken and what refuses to die – sits at the heart of Sinners, mirroring Afropessimism’s realism and Afro-Optimism’s defiant light.

    2. Postcolonial Theory

    Key Scholars: Edward Said, Homi Bhabha, Frantz Fanon

    What It Is:
    Postcolonial theory interrogates the lingering effects of colonialism in cultural, psychological, and material life. It explores how colonized people resist domination and how empire reshapes identity and culture through mimicry, surveillance, and violence.

    Application in Sinners:
    Remmick, the Irish-immigrant vampire, is not a caricature – he is a colonizer who cloaks himself in sophistication and civility, echoing Bhabha’s idea of mimicry and Fanon’s portrait of colonial mental violence. His presence in the Black juke joint is not accidental; it is invasive. He seeks to become what he exploits, dressing in style, learning the music, appropriating the aesthetic while remaining untouched by the trauma that produced it.

    The juke joint becomes a postcolonial battleground – a space of resistance that simultaneously seduces and repels colonial desire.

    3. African Spiritual Epistemologies / Decolonial Theory

    Key Scholars: Sylvia Wynter, Ngũgĩ wa Thiong’o, Oyèrónkẹ́ Oyěwùmí, Molefi Asante

    What It Is:
    This framework centers African worldviews and cosmologies as legitimate sources of knowledge. It challenges the Eurocentric binaries of good/evil, sin/salvation, and reason/spirit that have historically dismissed Indigenous ways of knowing.

    Application in Sinners:
    The film unapologetically roots its spiritual logic in African traditions – rootwork, ancestor invocation, spiritual possession – not as superstition, but as survival technology. The church calls the juke joint sinful, but the film argues that spirit moves most powerfully in places deemed profane by colonial Christianity.

    Decolonial theory helps us see how blues music, conjure, and oral storytelling become sacred rites. It’s not just about resisting the vampire – it’s about remembering who we are before they arrived. And knowing that the medicine we need is already in our bones.

    4. Critical Race Theory (CRT)

    Key Scholars: Kimberlé Crenshaw, Derrick Bell

    What It Is:
    CRT holds that racism is not aberrational but systemic – embedded in law, policy, culture, and institutional life. It emphasizes intersectionality and questions the narratives of legal neutrality and colorblindness.

    Application in Sinners:
    The juke joint, while a cultural space, is also a legal and political space. It is surveilled. It is threatened. It is coded as “sinful” and thus disposable. Meanwhile, the real predators – like Remmick -operate with impunity.

    The film illustrates how “sin” is racialized. Black joy is pathologized. Black gathering is criminalized. The idea of safety is flipped: within the system, protection is only afforded to the powerful. The juke joint is a site of “illegality,” but also of liberation – where law is replaced by community, care, and rhythm.

    5. Black Feminist Theory

    Key Scholars: bell hooks, Audre Lorde, Hortense Spillers

    What It Is:
    Black feminist theory centers the experiences of Black women and critiques the ways race, gender, sexuality, and class intersect to create unique structures of oppression and resistance.

    Application in Sinners:
    Though the film focuses on the Moore brothers and Sammie, it gestures toward women in critical ways: the mother who raised the boys, the preacher’s wife who shields her son, and Mary – the white lover turned vampire – whose body becomes a vessel of transmission.

    A Black feminist reading asks: Where are the women’s voices? What are the stakes of Black male vulnerability when it is disconnected from Black feminine presence and spiritual labor? What happens when patriarchal values within Black communities – like the condemnation of the blues – silence the very healing traditions women often preserve?

    And what does it mean that the juke joint – coded as feminized, emotional, sensual – is the site of salvation?

    6. Gothic and Horror Theory

    Key Scholars: Toni Morrison (Playing in the Dark), Julia Kristeva (abjection), Jeffrey Jerome Cohen (Monster Theory)

    What It Is:
    Gothic and horror theory explores how monsters embody cultural anxieties, how the grotesque disrupts boundaries, and how horror confronts us with what we repress – historical violence, desire, grief.

    Application in Sinners:
    The vampire is a long-standing symbol in Western horror. In Sinners, it becomes a racialized metaphor for cultural cannibalism. But the film also builds on the Southern Gothic tradition, where the horror lies not in the monster but in the landscape itself – segregated towns, lynching trees, cracked stained glass in empty churches.

    Toni Morrison reminds us that American literature has always used Blackness as a shadow text. Here, that shadow rises fully formed. The vampires are not metaphors instead of history – they are metaphors because of history.

    Similar Films, Shared Bloodlines

    Ryan Coogler’s Sinners (2025) stands at the crossroads of horror, history, spirituality, and resistance. While it offers something wholly original, it also joins a lineage of films and narratives that have used genre – particularly horror, fantasy, and Southern Gothic – to interrogate Black life, survival, and memory.

    The following films share bloodlines with Sinners, echoing its themes and broadening the cultural conversation it participates in:

    Get Out (2017)

    Directed by Jordan Peele

    Like Sinners, Get Out uses the horror genre to expose the deep undercurrents of anti-Blackness within liberal white spaces. Both films deploy supernatural elements – vampires in Sinners, hypnotism and body-snatching in Get Out – as metaphors for the parasitic consumption of Black bodies and minds.

    Comparable Themes:

    • Cultural appropriation as horror
    • White liberalism as masked violence
    • Black autonomy as the true site of fear
    • Racial exploitation framed through genre conventions

    While Get Out focuses on present-day liberalism, Sinners leans more heavily into spirituality and historical grounding, embedding the horror within a Southern, post-WWI Black landscape where the enemy is not just liberalism, but centuries of colonial hunger.

    Eve’s Bayou (1997)

    Directed by Kasi Lemmons

    This Southern Gothic classic explores secrets, spirituality, and family through the eyes of a young Black girl in 1960s Louisiana. Though not horror in the traditional sense, Eve’s Bayou simmers with mystical tension, ancestral presence, and emotional haunting.

    Comparable Themes:

    • Southern Black mysticism
    • Gendered spiritual insight and repression
    • Family secrets and inherited trauma
    • The thin veil between life, death, and legacy

    While Sinners focuses on male protagonists, it shares Eve’s Bayou‘s investment in Black Southern spiritual knowledge – especially the idea that what is seen and unseen are constantly in conversation.

    Blade (1998)

    Directed by Stephen Norrington, starring Wesley Snipes

    Blade redefined the vampire genre by centering a Black protagonist who hunts vampires instead of being their victim. It merges action with horror and unapologetically repositions Black masculinity as powerful, strategic, and supernatural.

    Comparable Themes:

    • Black resistance against predatory whiteness
    • Vampirism as a symbol of elitism, corruption, and racial supremacy
    • Weaponized Black bodies as sites of reclamation

    While Blade is more action-based, Sinners slows the tempo, inviting reflection on the spiritual implications of the vampire metaphor – how whiteness feeds on Black expression while simultaneously vilifying it.

    The Harder They Fall (2021)

    Directed by Jeymes Samuel

    A bold revisionist Western that centers Black gunslingers and reclaims a genre that historically erased Black presence. The film subverts tropes and injects style, swagger, and revenge into a narrative about family, justice, and legacy.

    Comparable Themes:

    • Genre revision through a Black historical lens
    • Revenge as justice
    • Mythmaking and narrative power
    • Radical style as a vehicle for radical truth

    Both films rewrite genre from within. Sinners does for Southern Gothic horror what The Harder They Fall does for the Western – disrupts, centers Blackness, and elevates aesthetic form into historical testimony.

    Beloved (1998)

    Directed by Jonathan Demme, based on the novel by Toni Morrison

    A deeply haunting narrative rooted in post-slavery trauma, maternal grief, and memory as both gift and curse. Beloved reveals how history refuses to stay buried—and how the past lives on in the body and spirit.

    Comparable Themes:

    • Haunting as historical echo
    • Motherhood, grief, and ancestral return
    • Spiritual possession and unresolved trauma
    • The horror of survival, not death

    Coogler’s film similarly explores what it means to be haunted by history – not only by loss, but by the vampiric systems that refuse to release Black communities. And like Morrison’s work, Sinners treats the supernatural not as escapism, but as revelation.

    Final Thought

    Each of these films dares to envision Blackness not only as a site of suffering – but also as a source of power, magic, creativity, and cosmological depth. Sinners earns its place among them by building a rich, blood-soaked altar at the crossroads of horror and history. It demands not just to be watched, but to be remembered.

    What Comes Next: Scholarship and Reflection

    Sinners didn’t just entertain me – it unsettled, provoked, and ultimately activated something deep within. It stirred memory. It stirred inquiry. It called forth not only the ghosts of the past, but the voices of theory, music, and ancestral witness that have long lived in my academic and personal work.

    This film demands a response, not only as a viewer, but as a cultural critic and scholar. Over the coming months, I will be expanding on the ideas seeded in this reflection – developing essays and academic articles that explore the film’s cultural, spiritual, and political dimensions through multiple critical lenses. Please, let me know in the comment section, the one or ones you would like me to develop first.

    Works in Progress:

    1. “Bloodlines and Blues: African Spirituality and Resistance in Sinners
      A study of how African cosmologies and ritual practices are reclaimed as legitimate epistemologies and survival strategies within the film.
    2. “Vampires and the Plantation: Gothic Capitalism in Black Horror Cinema”
      A comparative exploration of how vampirism functions as a metaphor for racial capitalism, extraction, and consumption in Sinners, Get Out, and Beloved.
    3. “The Juke Joint as Sacred Space: Reimagining Sin and Spirit through Black Sound”
      An analysis of how the juke joint disrupts colonial notions of sin and sanctity, positioning blues music as theology, ritual, and resistance.
    4. “Twins, Trauma, and the Black Masculine Psyche: A Character Study of Smoke and Stack”
      A psychological and symbolic examination of how duality, war trauma, and masculine identity are represented through the twin protagonists.
    5. “Desire and Destruction: Race, Eroticism, and the White Gaze in Sinners
      A critical look at interracial desire, betrayal, and the dangers of romantic proximity to whiteness within the racialized horror tradition.
    6. “Model Minorities and Mute Complicity: Cross-Racial Tensions in Black Horror”
      A provocative interrogation of how Asian characters are positioned as silent enablers of anti-Black violence in Sinners, and what this reveals about racial hierarchy and cultural proximity.

    These forthcoming pieces are not just academic – they are offerings. Rituals of clarity. Testimonies stitched together from blood, basslines, and Black memory. Sinners will not leave us alone – and that, I believe, is the point.

    Final Reflections: A Mother’s Gift, A Scholar’s Joy

    I didn’t plan to watch Sinners. I was gifted the experience.

    This Mother’s Day, my children gave me something profound: not flowers, not chocolates, but the gift of story – a seat in a dark theater to witness Ryan Coogler’s Sinners unfold on screen. But it wasn’t just the film itself that moved me – it was everything that came after.

    On the drive home, my son and I dove headfirst into discussion, dissecting symbolism, drawing cultural parallels, and naming the characters’ choices out loud like we were building a syllabus in real time. We were breathless with ideas – teasing out metaphors, asking what it meant for Blackness to be desired and devoured, and what it meant to resist through music.

    Later that evening, my daughter called, and the conversation picked up with even more intensity. We talked about gender and spiritual legacy, about the vampire as a stand-in for systemic power, about blues as theology and survival, about the role of the Asian couple and the one-eighth Black white woman. I learned from her that Hailee Steinfeld, who played the role of Mary, Stack’s ex-girlfriend who passes for white in the film, is also one-eight Black in real life. Our voices spilled over with excitement, the kind that only comes from being seen and intellectually engaged at the same time.

    These are the moments I cherish most. Not just because they show how deeply we think as a family – but because they are proof of love. Love in the form of thoughtful conversation. Love in the form of a movie ticket. Love in the form of listening, reflecting, and wrestling with meaning together.

    To my children: I love you more than I can say. Thank you for seeing me – for knowing that this, this blend of spirit, story, cinema, and critical inquiry, is what makes me come alive. Thank you for meeting me there. For gifting me a Mother’s Day of deep joy, of shared thought, of laughter and fire and revelation.

    This blog post is also yours. Your voices are here.
    Your questions live in every paragraph.
    Your hearts echo in every line.

    Sinners reminded me that horror is often just another word for memory. That resistance can sound like a guitar riff. That history lives in both blood and breath.

    It also reminded me that the ancestors are watching.
    And so are we.
    And thanks to you – my beloved children – I’m watching with fuller vision, an open mind, and a grateful, overflowing heart.

    Sinners – Official Trailer | IMDb

    Sinners – Official Trailer | IMDb

    References:

    Films & Media:

    Coogler, Ryan, director. Sinners. Performance by Michael B. Jordan, Jack O’Connell, 2025.

    Demme, Jonathan, director. Beloved. Performance by Oprah Winfrey, Danny Glover, and Thandiwe Newton, Touchstone Pictures, 1998.

    Lemmons, Kasi, director. Eve’s Bayou. Trimark Pictures, 1997.

    Norrington, Stephen, director. Blade. Performance by Wesley Snipes, New Line Cinema, 1998.

    Peele, Jordan, director. Get Out. Universal Pictures, 2017.

    Samuel, Jeymes, director. The Harder They Fall. Netflix, 2021.

    Books & Theoretical Sources:

    Bhabha, Homi K. The Location of Culture. Routledge, 1994.

    Bell, Derrick. Faces at the Bottom of the Well: The Permanence of Racism. Basic Books, 1992.

    Crenshaw, Kimberlé. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review, vol. 43, no. 6, 1991, pp. 1241–1299.

    Fanon, Frantz. Black Skin, White Masks. Translated by Richard Philcox, Grove Press, 2008.

    hooks, bell. Ain’t I a Woman: Black Women and Feminism. South End Press, 1981.

    Kristeva, Julia. Powers of Horror: An Essay on Abjection. Translated by Leon S. Roudiez, Columbia University Press, 1982.

    Morrison, Toni. Playing in the Dark: Whiteness and the Literary Imagination. Harvard University Press, 1992.

    Said, Edward W. Orientalism. Vintage Books, 1979.

    Sexton, Jared. “Afro-Pessimism: The Unclear Word.” Rhizomes, vol. 29, 2016.

    Spillers, Hortense J. “Mama’s Baby, Papa’s Maybe: An American Grammar Book.” Diacritics, vol. 17, no. 2, 1987, pp. 65–81.

    Wilderson, Frank B., III. Afropessimism. Liveright, 2020.

    Wynter, Sylvia. “Unsettling the Coloniality of Being/Power/Truth/Freedom.” The New Centennial Review, vol. 3, no. 3, 2003, pp. 257–337.

  • Erasure

    Mary Mba (Ph.D.)

    for Sony Labou Tansi, Martial, Chaïdana, and all the unspeakables; for those who remember what was said and what was unsaid

    What happens when words vanish from policy, from screens, from speech?

    “Erasure” is a poetic meditation on censorship, identity, and memory—drawing inspiration from Sony Labou Tansi’s La Vie et demie, the Trump-era word bans, and the resistance found in storytelling. Through surreal imagery and postcolonial echoes, the poem explores the silencing of identities—and the defiant power of naming what was meant to be forgotten.

    They said:
    Let’s keep things neutral.
    Let’s clean up the language.
    Let’s not say diversity
    it makes some uncomfortable.

    Let’s say merit. Let’s say unity.
    Let’s not say transgender.
    Let’s not say pregnant person.
    Let’s not say climate change so loudly.
    (It’s just weather, after all.)

    And so, one by one,
    the words went missing—
    folded out of funding reports,
    redacted from federal websites,
    tucked behind quiet executive orders.

    The list grew.
    Evidence-based. Science-based.
    Vulnerable. Equity. LGBTQ.
    Non-binary. Racial justice. Systemic racism.
    Female. Woman.
    Each word silenced carried with it a body,
    a memory, a need unmet.

    Sony Labou Tansi once wrote:
    “They renamed everything. Even the dead.”
    In his world, absurdity was law,
    and survival meant remembering
    what you were told to forget.

    Here, too, people remember—
    in classrooms, in poems,
    in quiet footnotes and fiery sermons,
    in stories passed between colleagues
    over coffee or courage.

    We are not always loud.
    But we speak.
    Sometimes in metaphor.
    Sometimes in satire.
    Sometimes in comedy.
    Sometimes in laughter.
    Sometimes in carefully chosen words
    that slip through the cracks.

    The words will come back.
    Soft at first.
    Then steady.
    Because language—like truth—
    always finds its way back to the mouth.

    Full list of words banned by Trump, including ‘Climate Change’

  • When Words Disappear: Sony Labou Tansi, Trump, and the Battle Over Language

    By Mary Mba (Ph.D.)

    “To forbid words is to erase the world they describe.”
    —Sony Labou Tansi

    In 1979, Congolese writer Sony Labou Tansi published La Vie et demie, a surreal and grotesque novel that imagines a dictatorship so absurd and violent it makes language itself a casualty. Decades later, in a very different setting, the Trump administration has implemented a chillingly real campaign of linguistic erasure—quietly banning words like diversity, transgender, systemic racism, pregnant person, and even woman from federal communication.

    In my recently completed academic paper, I draw a provocative comparison between Labou Tansi’s fictional regime and the real-world linguistic censorship imposed by the Trump administration across two presidential terms. Though they exist on different ends of the spectrum—one a postcolonial African dictatorship, the other a contemporary Western democracy—the parallels are striking. In both contexts, language is not just controlled—it is redefined, weaponized, and erased.

    Take Executive Order 13950, which labeled concepts like “white privilege” and “systemic racism” as “divisive,” or the 2025 ban on terms like LGBT, female, and assigned male at birth. These are not merely semantic shifts. They represent a form of bureaucratic violence that targets already marginalized groups by rendering their experiences unspeakable. As Michel Foucault and Judith Butler would argue, when language is removed, so too is the framework for identity, resistance, and legal protection.

    In La Vie et demie, Tansi’s characters resist the regime’s control by speaking in poetry, irony, and contradiction. Martial, the indestructible rebel, and his daughter Chaïdana, who preserves his legacy through storytelling, remind us that to name the truth—even when language is broken—is an act of rebellion.

    The United States is not immune to the dangers of linguistic control. We see it not only in executive orders and policy revisions, but in attempts to ban books, restrict inclusive curricula, and threaten academic freedom. Yet, resistance persists. Writers like Eve L. Ewing use poetry to reclaim erased histories, and journalists like Nikole Hannah-Jones reframe the American story through projects like The 1619 Project. Their work, like Chaïdana’s, insists on naming what power wants us to forget.

    This is not just a literary or academic issue—it is a democratic one. The words we are allowed to speak shape the futures we are allowed to imagine. When “diversity” becomes unspeakable, diversity itself becomes unrecognizable. When “woman” is erased, so is the struggle and triumph of women’s lived experiences.

    As Tansi shows us, language is never neutral. And in every age, we must fight for the right to speak our truth—especially when the silence is sanctioned.

    🔗 Read the full academic study (coming soon).
    🎙️ Coming up next: A podcast episode exploring banned words, storytelling, and survival.

  • Sisyphus in Heaven: Revolt, Eternity, and the Divine Dilemma

    Mary Mba (Ph.D)

    The Conversation

    Last night, my son Ude and I found ourselves in a spirited conversation about immortality. His philosophy class had just discussed Socrates—calmly facing his death, curious rather than afraid. Would it be oblivion? Or a new life? We paused, weighing the gravity of those possibilities. But then our conversation took a turn: toward eternity. Toward heaven. Toward hell. Toward Sisyphus.

    I told him I found beauty in Camus’ vision—that we must imagine Sisyphus happy. Not because he has found meaning in the absurd task of rolling a boulder uphill forever, but because he chooses to embrace it anyway. That, I told my son, is my rebellion too.

    Death as Curiosity

    Socrates saw death not as a tragedy, but as the ultimate question mark. He imagined it as either the most peaceful sleep or a doorway to another kind of existence. His serenity came from detachment—but mine comes from immersion.

    I am not afraid of death because I refuse to let fear dictate how I live. I want to live boldly, consciously, even when I am broke, tired, or uncertain.

    The Joy in the RevoltCamus and Sisyphus

    In The Myth of Sisyphus, Camus gives us a man condemned by the gods to push a boulder up a hill forever. But Camus flips the script: “The struggle itself toward the heights is enough to fill a man’s heart.” The absurd does not break us—it offers us the chance to revolt.

    Sisyphus is not a symbol of despair but of joyful defiance. His refusal to succumb to hopelessness is a model for all of us navigating the daily weight of survival in an existence that often appears meaningless.

    What is the meaning of life when it’s filled with suffering, repetition, and banality? Should we still be happy living it? But isn’t that what heaven—or hell—might feel like too?

    What If Sisyphus Went to Heaven?

    Here’s where my son and I diverged. He believes that in eternity, God will grant us divine knowledge. I asked—then what? If we all possess divine wisdom, are we truly equal, or does a hierarchy still linger? Will we know in full or only in part? Will questions remain? Will desires?

    Would some still long for drama, for choice, for something more than the endless praise of the one who sits on the throne? Will we still have free will?

    Sisyphus exercised his free will—and was punished for it. His revolt stopped people from dying, disrupting the cycle of life. In the cosmos of order, rebellion is often mistaken for chaos.

    In Revelation, the heavenly realm is filled with creatures covered in eyes, day and night proclaiming, “Holy, holy, holy.” It is an eternity of glory—but also of eternal surveillance, eternal memory, and eternal praise.

    And what happens when we remember pain? Earthly joys? Desires unmet? Might eternity itself begin to unravel under the weight of our memory?

    Jared M. August asks a similar question in his theological reflection: “What shall we remember?” He proposes that Revelation depicts the believer’s memory as preserved in eternity, reinforcing the importance of memory in all its forms—not just joy, but also pain, longing, and identity (The Gospel Coalition).

    Memory, Worship Fatigue, and Monotony. Is Heaven another Absurd Existence?

    Revelation promises that “they will serve him day and night in his temple” (Rev. 7:15). But what if service becomes suffocating?

    If we cannot imagine Sisyphus happy in his earthly absurdity, how can we prepare ourselves to embrace eternity? What if, like Sisyphus, a soul wakes up one eternal morning and says, “There must be more than this”?

    What if rebellion in eternity is not born of pride—but of boredom?
    What would happen to diversity, to desire, to difference?

    Maybe eternity, like the boulder, is heavy. Maybe the truest revolt is to find joy—even there.

    My Own Rebellion

    I told my son that I am Sisyphus already. I rise each day under the weight of bills, deadlines, longing, and fatigue. And still—I revolt.

    I choose life. I choose joy.
    Not because my situation is easy, but because my refusal to give up is sacred.

    I am not waiting for eternity to be handed to me.
    I am making eternity now, each moment I resist despair.
    I do not look forward to a heaven or hell as a place—
    But I live them as states of being. One cannot exist without the other.

    Questions for Eternity

    So I ask:

    What if Sisyphus reached heaven and still found the boulder there?
    Would he kneel in eternal worship, or would he smile, pick it up, and roll again—just because he could?

    Can we imagine an eternity that includes rebellion,
    Not as sin,
    But as spirit?

  • Ode to Camp, or: I Died in Couture and Came Back in Sequins(A Poem in Heels)

    Mary Mba (Ph.D)

    Darling,
    I was born in a wig and reborn in rhinestones.
    When the doctor slapped me, I said,
    “Not the face.”

    I am Camp.
    Not a style,
    But a resurrection.

    I paint my lips with irony,
    Contour my cheekbones with pastiche,
    My eyeliner so sharp it cuts through heteronormativity.
    I don’t cry—
    I glitter.

    I’m the chandelier at a funeral.
    The swan dive in a cocktail dress.
    I’m Bette Davis lighting a cigarette with your expectations
    and exhaling a monologue that ends in thunderous applause
    from ghosts who wish they were this extra.

    Camp is a wink in a war zone.
    A ball gown in a bunker.
    It’s knowing the script, tearing it up,
    and then delivering every line in a British accent
    with a martini in one hand and a drama in the other.

    I am Cher in a headdress.
    Gaga in four looks.
    RuPaul crowning queens like the Vatican crowns Popes
    (but with better shoes).
    I am Divine divine.

    My aesthetic?
    Apocalypse but make it fashion.
    My gender?
    Sequined disbelief.
    My spirit animal?
    Susan Sontag’s typewriter tapping out “Notes on ‘Camp’”
    in six-inch stilettos with a smirk.

    I am not real.
    I am more than real.
    Too much?
    That’s just enough.

    So let the naturalists mumble in beige.
    Let the tasteful bow in their taupe blazers.
    I’ll be over here—

    In tulle.
    On fire.
    And perfectly,
    ridiculously,
    fabulously—undone.